目前,一个国际研究小组,在南部非洲纳米比亚平原的一具斑马尸体中,发现了一种新的巨型长尾病毒,这种病毒能够感染引起炭疽病的细菌。
原文摘要:
Novel Giant Siphovirus from Bacillus anthracis Features Unusual Genome Characteristics
Holly H. Ganz, Christina Law, Martina Schmuki, Fritz Eichenseher, Richard Calendar, Martin J. Loessner, Wayne M. Getz, Jonas Korlach,Wolfgang Beyer, Jochen Klumpp
Here we present vB_BanS-Tsamsa, a novel temperate phage isolated from Bacillus anthracis,the agent responsible for anthrax infections in wildlife, livestock and humans. Tsamsa phage is a giant siphovirus (order Caudovirales), featuring a long, flexible and non-contractile tail of 440 nm (not including baseplate structure) and an isometric head of 82 nm in diameter. We induced Tsamsa phage in samples from two different carcass sites in Etosha National Park, Namibia. The Tsamsa phage genome is the largest sequenced Bacillus siphovirus, containing 168,876 bp and 272 ORFs. The genome features an integrase/recombinase enzyme, indicative of a temperate lifestyle. Among bacterial strains tested, the phage infected only certain members of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group (B. anthracis, B. cereus and B. thuringiensis) and exhibited moderate specificity for B. anthracis. Tsamsa lysed seven out of 25 B. cereusstrains, two out of five B. thuringiensis strains and six out of seven B. anthracis strains tested. It did not lyse B. anthracis PAK-1, an atypical strain that is also resistant to both gamma phage and cherry phage. The Tsamsa endolysin features a broader lytic spectrum than the phage host range, indicating possible use of the enzyme in Bacillus biocontrol. [整理:CALONYE]